Alkaline Extraction for Lead Determination in Different Types of Commercial Paints

Abstract

In 2017, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme formed the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint. All alliance member countries have pledged to develop control regulations that include lead threshold limits. To improve regulations and demonstrate compliance of paint industry products, it is necessary to have adequate, locally applicable methodologies. In this sense, the main objective of this research was to validate the methodology of alkaline extraction for the quantification of lead in ten different types of Ecuadorian commercial paints using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Two hundred and fifty samples from different paint industry products were analyzed, and the results were used to evaluate the method’s performance and robustness. It was determined that the method could be applied for lead concentrations above 100 mg·kg−1, and results showed relative standard deviation values lower than 14.8% and fortification recoveries between 80.3 and 119.4%, fulfilling the acceptance criteria established in the Environmental Protection Agency’s lead-based Paint Laboratory Operations Guidelines.

Keywords

• alkaline extraction
• flame atomic absorption
• regulation
• solvent-base
• water-base