Significance of transesophageal echocardiography in the evaluation of aortic valve stenosis

Abstract

Background/Aim. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a relatively new diagnostic method offering better resolution of cardiac anatomy than the conventional transthoracal two-dimensional echocardiography (TTE). Clinical indications for TEE have been expanding, thus the technique as a diagnostic procedure is used in numerous cardiac diseases such as endocarditis, congenital heart defect, aortic dissection, prosthetic valves dysfunction, as well as in calculation of aortic valve surface in aortic stenosis. The aim of the study was to prove TEE as a more precise method in determination of the level of seriousness of aortic valve stenosis. Methods. All the patients went through TTE and TEE. Evaluating of the aortic valve surface was performed by the use of Gorlin's formula in TTE while it was planimetric in TEE examination. Results. Comparative analysis of all parameters obtained by TTE and TEE showed a difference between them. All the parameters values except that for surface area of the aortic valve orifice confluence were higher in TEE than in TTE examination, but no difference was statistically significant (p > 0.05; t-test for a dependant specimens). By the use of the TTE method, the size of aortic orifice stenosis was 1.22 ± 0.54 cm2, and by the TEE method it was 1.08 ± 0.54 cm2. Conclusion. Multiplain TEE is reliable in quantification of an aortic valve area in patients with aortic stenosis. It offers useful clinical information, particularly in patients with non-adequate evaluation with TTE, as well as in seriously ill patients or those with a confirmed valvular defect.

Keywords

• echocardiography, transesophageal
• echocardiography
• aortic valve stenosis
• diagnosis