Risks of transmission blood-borne viral infections via blood transfusion, organ and tissue transplantation

Abstract

The article presents the data on the rates of blood-borne viral infections (BBVI) in potential organ donors and blood donors at the N.V.Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in the period from 2008 to 2014. Differences in BBVI rates and multidirectional trends in the proportion of infected individuals were seen in different age groups of blood donors and potential organ donors. We analyzed the established algorithm for laboratory testing of potential organ donors for BBVI in the Russian Federation and major risks for BBVI transmission in organ and tissue transplantation. We have shown that the current algorithm of screening for BBVI in organ donors does not detect these infections duringa "window period", nor their occult forms. We studied the causes of occult BBVI forms and their significance for clinical transplantation.

Keywords

• blood donor
• potential organ donor
• blood-borne viral infections
• hiv-infection
• pcr
• occult hepatitis b