Prognostic factors of neonatal surgical emergencies in a developing country

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal surgical mortality varies between 11.8% and 43.3% in sub-Saharan Africa. Few studies carried out in French-speaking Black Africa have reported prognostic factors with statistical evidence. The objectives of this study were to clarify mortality and identify the prognostic factors for neonatal surgical emergencies. Methods: This retrospective descriptive and analytical study was conducted from October 2009 to December 2019. All newborns who experienced emergencies during the study period were included. We collected 297 files. The variables studied were evolutionary factors. The prognostic factors were tested using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: The case fatality rate was 25.3%. The fatality rates for congenital and acquired conditions were 37.2% and 8.8%, respectively. Factors statistically associated with death were age, term, existence of a congenital condition, and treatment performed. Conclusion: Surgical emergencies of the newborn must be managed in a neonatal intensive care unit to ensure adequate pre- and postoperative care. The promotion of antenatal diagnosis is essential to improve the survival of malformed newborns.

Keywords

• Emergencies
• Newborn
• Prognostic factors
• Surgery
• Level III