β-Lactamase Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> Encoding <i>bla<sub>CTX-M</sub></i> and <i>bla<sub>CMY</sub></i> Genes in Chicken Carcasses from Egypt
Elham Elsayed Abo-Almagd,
Rana Fahmi Sabala,
Samir Mohammed Abd-Elghany,
Charlene R. Jackson,
Hazem Ramadan,
Kálmán Imre,
Adriana Morar,
Viorel Herman,
Khalid Ibrahim Sallam
Affiliations
Elham Elsayed Abo-Almagd
Oncology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Rana Fahmi Sabala
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Samir Mohammed Abd-Elghany
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Charlene R. Jackson
Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, US National Poultry Research Center, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA
Hazem Ramadan
Hygiene and Zoonoses Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Kálmán Imre
Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
Adriana Morar
Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
Viorel Herman
Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timişoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
Khalid Ibrahim Sallam
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Escherichia coli with multidrug resistance and β-lactamase genes may constitute a great public health hazard due to the potential for their transmission to humans through the food chain. This study determined the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, phylogroups, and β-lactamase genes of E. coli isolates from chicken carcasses marketed in Mansoura, Egypt. Interestingly, E. coli was detected in 98% (98/100) of the chicken carcasses examined, which seemed among the highest contamination rates by E. coli worldwide. From the 425 genetically verified uidA gene-positive E. coli, 85 isolates were further studied for antimicrobial resistance profiles, phylogroups, and β-lactamase genes. Interestingly, 89.41% of E. coli (76/85) strains tested against 24 different antibiotics were multidrug-resistant. Of the examined 85 E. coli isolates, 22 (25.88%) isolates harbored blaCTX-M and were resistant to ampicillin, cefazoline, and ceftriaxone, while three of them were resistant to ceftazidime besides. Nine (10.59%) E. coli strains harbored AmpC- β-lactamase blaCMY and were resistant to ampicillin. One isolate co-carried blaCMY and blaCTX-M genes, though it was negative for the blaTEM gene. Of the 35 isolates that harbored either extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC β-lactamase genes, six strains (17.14%) were assigned to pathogenic phylogroup F and one to phylogroup E, whereas 28 (80%) isolates belonged to commensal phylogenetic groups.
