Urinary Metabolomic Profile of Neonates Born to Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Ana Sofía Herrera-Van Oostdam,
Mariana Salgado-Bustamante,
Victoria Lima-Rogel,
Juan José Oropeza-Valdez,
Jesús Adrián López,
Iván Daniel Román Rodríguez,
Juan Carlos Toro-Ortiz,
David Alejandro Herrera-Van Oostdam,
Yamilé López-Hernández,
Joel Monárrez-Espino
Affiliations
Ana Sofía Herrera-Van Oostdam
Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
Mariana Salgado-Bustamante
Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
Victoria Lima-Rogel
Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
Juan José Oropeza-Valdez
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
Jesús Adrián López
MicroRNAs and Cancer Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
Iván Daniel Román Rodríguez
Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
Juan Carlos Toro-Ortiz
Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
David Alejandro Herrera-Van Oostdam
Hospital Central “Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico
Yamilé López-Hernández
Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
Joel Monárrez-Espino
Department of Health Research, Christus Muguerza del Parque Hospital Chihuahua, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León 66238, Mexico
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most frequent pregnancy complications with potential adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns. Its effects on the newborn appear during the neonatal period or early childhood. Therefore, an early diagnosis is crucial to prevent the development of chronic diseases later in adult life. In this study, the urinary metabolome of babies born to GDM mothers was characterized. In total, 144 neonatal and maternal (second and third trimesters of pregnancy) urinary samples were analyzed using targeted metabolomics, combining liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and flow injection analysis mass spectrometry (FIA-MS/MS) techniques. We provide here the neonatal urinary concentration values of 101 metabolites for 26 newborns born to GDM mothers and 22 newborns born to healthy mothers. The univariate analysis of these metabolites revealed statistical differences in 11 metabolites. Multivariate analyses revealed a differential metabolic profile in newborns of GDM mothers characterized by dysregulation of acylcarnitines, amino acids, and polyamine metabolism. Levels of hexadecenoylcarnitine (C16:1) and spermine were also higher in newborns of GDM mothers. The maternal urinary metabolome revealed significant differences in butyric, isobutyric, and uric acid in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. These metabolic alterations point to the impact of GDM in the neonatal period.