A non-targeted metabolomics comparative study on plasma of pfizer and sinopharm COVID-19 vaccinated individuals, assessed by (TIMS-QTOF) mass spectrometry
Haneen I. Abufares,
Ruba A. Zenati,
Nelson C. Soares,
Waseem El-Huneidi,
Lina A. Dahabiyeh,
Hamza M. Al-Hroub,
Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah,
Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa,
Karem H. Alzoubi,
Eman Abu-Gharbieh,
Wafa' Jehad Haza,
Mohammad A. Fararjeh,
Bashaer Abu-Irmaileh,
Yasser Bustanji,
Mohammad H. Semreen
Affiliations
Haneen I. Abufares
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
Ruba A. Zenati
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
Nelson C. Soares
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal
Waseem El-Huneidi
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
Lina A. Dahabiyeh
School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
Hamza M. Al-Hroub
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
Karem H. Alzoubi
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
Eman Abu-Gharbieh
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
Wafa' Jehad Haza
Al-Quds Medical Labs, AL-Zarqa, Jordan
Mohammad A. Fararjeh
Al-Quds Medical Labs, AL-Zarqa, Jordan
Bashaer Abu-Irmaileh
Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The university of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Yasser Bustanji
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan; Corresponding author. Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Mohammad H. Semreen
Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Corresponding author. Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
COVID-19 is a highly contagious infectious disease that has posed a global threat, leading to a widespread pandemic characterized by multi-organ complications and failures. Aims: The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of Pfizer and Sinopharm vaccines on metabolomic changes and their correlations with immune pathways. Main methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and implemented an untargeted metabolomics-based approach. Plasma samples were obtained from three groups: non-vaccinated participants, Sinopharm-vaccinated participants, and Pfizer-vaccinated participants. Comparative metabolomic analysis was conducted using TIMS-QTOF, and multiple t-tests with a 5 % false discovery rate (FDR) were performed using MetaboAnalyst software. Key findings: Out of the 105 metabolites detected, 72 showed statistically significant changes (p-value < 0.05) across the different groups. Notably, several metabolites such as neopterin, pyridoxal, and syringic acid were markedly altered in individuals vaccinated with Pfizer. Conversely, in the Sinopharm-vaccinated group, significant alterations were observed in sphinganine, neopterin, and sphingosine. These metabolites hold potential as biomarkers for evaluating vaccine efficacy. Additionally, both Pfizer and Sinopharm vaccinations were found to influence sphingolipid and histidine metabolisms compared to the control group. The Sinopharm group also displayed changes in lysine degradation relative to the control group. When comparing the enriched pathways between the Pfizer and Sinopharm-vaccinated groups, differences were observed in purine metabolism. Furthermore, alterations in tryptophan and vitamin B6 metabolism were noted when comparing the Pfizer-vaccinated group with both the control and Sinopharm-vaccinated groups. Significance: These findings highlight the importance of metabolomics in assessing vaccine effectiveness and identifying potential biomarkers for monitoring the efficacy of newly developed vaccines in a shorter timeframe.
