Osteoimmunomodulatory Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration
Jingyi Wen,
Donglin Cai,
Wendong Gao,
Ruiying He,
Yulin Li,
Yinghong Zhou,
Travis Klein,
Lan Xiao,
Yin Xiao
Affiliations
Jingyi Wen
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
Donglin Cai
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
Wendong Gao
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
Ruiying He
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430061, China
Yulin Li
The Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200231, China
Yinghong Zhou
School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
Travis Klein
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
Lan Xiao
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
Yin Xiao
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
Treatment of large bone fractures remains a challenge for orthopedists. Bone regeneration is a complex process that includes skeletal cells such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells to regulate bone formation and resorption. Osteoimmunology, studying this complicated process, has recently been used to develop biomaterials for advanced bone regeneration. Ideally, a biomaterial shall enable a timely switch from early stage inflammatory (to recruit osteogenic progenitor cells) to later-stage anti-inflammatory (to promote differentiation and terminal osteogenic mineralization and model the microstructure of bone tissue) in immune cells, especially the M1-to-M2 phenotype switch in macrophage populations, for bone regeneration. Nanoparticle (NP)-based advanced drug delivery systems can enable the controlled release of therapeutic reagents and the delivery of therapeutics into specific cell types, thereby benefiting bone regeneration through osteoimmunomodulation. In this review, we briefly describe the significance of osteoimmunology in bone regeneration, the advancement of NP-based approaches for bone regeneration, and the application of NPs in macrophage-targeting drug delivery for advanced osteoimmunomodulation.
