Psychometric evaluation of the muscle dysmorphic disorder inventory (MDDI) among gender-expansive people

Abstract

Plain English Summary Gender-expansive describes gender identities that do not fit within the binary gender identity system, such as man or woman. We asked gender-expansive participants in The PRIDE Study to fill out a widely used survey about muscle dysmorphia (when someone is worried about not being muscular enough). We found that this issue about muscularity has three parts for gender-expansive people: (1) a desire to be bigger and more muscular, (2) dissatisfaction with the way their body looks, and (3) problems with normal life functions. We find that this survey is appropriate for use in gender-expansive people. These results can help providers and researchers understand the muscle-related problems that gender-expansive people face.

Keywords

• Gender-expansive
• Non-binary
• Transgender persons
• Genderqueer
• Muscle dysmorphia
• MDDI