Preparation of Nanocrystals for Insoluble Drugs by Top-Down Nanotechnology with Improved Solubility and Bioavailability
Xun Zhang,
Zhiguo Li,
Jing Gao,
Zengming Wang,
Xiang Gao,
Nan Liu,
Meng Li,
Hui Zhang,
Aiping Zheng
Affiliations
Xun Zhang
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Zhiguo Li
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Jing Gao
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Zengming Wang
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Xiang Gao
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Nan Liu
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Meng Li
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Hui Zhang
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Aiping Zheng
Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 27th Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
Midazolam is a rapidly effective benzodiazepine drug that is widely used as a sedative worldwide. Due to its poor solubility in a neutral aqueous solution, the clinical use of midazolam is significantly limited. As one of the most promising formulations for poorly water-soluble drugs, nanocrystals have drawn worldwide attention. We prepared a stable nanosuspension system that causes little muscle irritation. The particle size of the midazolam nanocrystals (MDZ/NCs) was 286.6 ± 2.19 nm, and the crystalline state of midazolam did not change in the size reduction process. The dissolution velocity of midazolam was accelerated by the nanocrystals. The pharmacokinetics study showed that the AUC0−t of the MDZ/NCs was 2.72-fold (p < 0.05) higher than that of the midazolam solution (MDZ/S), demonstrating that the bioavailability of the MDZ/NC injection was greater than that of MDZ/S. When midazolam was given immediately after the onset of convulsions, the ED50 for MDZ/NCs was significantly more potent than that for MDZ/S and DZP/S. The MDZ/NCs significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content in the hippocampus of the seizures model rats and significantly increased the glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. These results suggest that nanocrystals significantly influenced the dissolution behavior, pharmacokinetic properties, anticonvulsant effects, and neuroprotective effects of midazolam and ultimately enhanced their efficacy in vitro and in vivo.
