Nanotechnology Reviews (Dec 2023)

Statistical investigations and morphological aspects of cross-rheological material suspended in transportation of alumina, silica, titanium, and ethylene glycol via the Galerkin algorithm

  • Li Shuguang,
  • Sohail Muhammad,
  • Nazir Umar,
  • Sherif El-Sayed M.,
  • Hassan Ahmed M.

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0169
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 1
pp. 102474 – 70

Abstract

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Several industrial applications include the use of nanoparticles in base fluids to improve the thermal performance of numerous mechanisms. The current inspection covers the investigation of trihybrid nanoparticles mixed in the cross-fluid model part of a rotating stretched surface in the presence of a heat source/sink, radiation effect, and nonlinear/linear convection. A trihybrid fluid is a unique type of fluid that surpasses hybrid nanofluids, conventional fluids, and nanofluids. Moreover, acetone and engine oil interchange energy in comparison to other liquids. Trihybrid fluids are now widely used in facilities such as electrical chillers, biotechnology, power pumps, the automotive industry, and air cleaners. The flow presenting model equations are derived in a rotating frame to study the momentum and thermal transportation in a nanofluid. The modeled problem was simplified by considering the boundary layer principle, which resulted in the formation of complex coupled partial differential equations (PDEs). The derived PDEs were converted into the corresponding nonlinear ODEs using suitable similarity transformations. Then, the converted ordinary differential equations (ODEs) were solved numerically via a strong and authentic procedure called finite element procedure from the current inspection; it is recoded that finite element method is a powerful method to handle complex problems arising in modeling of several mechanisms.

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