Arterio-ureteral fistula: A case-based review of significant hematuria

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Arterio-ureteral fistula (AUF) is a rare but life-threatening cause of hematuria. Most AUFs are secondary to malignancy or extensive pelvic/ vascular surgery CASE REPORT: A case of an 84-year-old patient who developed significant hematuria 4 months after pelvic surgery due to urothelial carcinoma is presented. CONCLUSION: Active surveillance of patients with predisposing risk factors and sensitivity to other differential diagnoses of hematuria such AUF, is important to avoid mortality of these patients. Percutaneous endovascular stent graft is life-saving procedure that is effective and safe.

Keywords

• Arterio-ureteral fistula
• common iliac artery fistula
• ureteroileostomy fistula
• urothelial carcinoma
• hematuria