The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2025)
Asymmetries and Circumstellar Interaction in the Type II SN 2024bch
- Jennifer E. Andrews,
- Manisha Shrestha,
- K. Azalee Bostroem,
- Yize Dong,
- Jeniveve Pearson,
- M. M. Fausnaugh,
- David J. Sand,
- S. Valenti,
- Aravind P. Ravi,
- Emily Hoang,
- Griffin Hosseinzadeh,
- Ilya Ilyin,
- Daryl Janzen,
- M. J. Lundquist,
- Nicolás Meza,
- Nathan Smith,
- Saurabh W. Jha,
- Moira Andrews,
- Joseph Farah,
- Estefania Padilla Gonzalez,
- D. Andrew Howell,
- Curtis McCully,
- Megan Newsome,
- Craig Pellegrino,
- Giacomo Terreran,
- Patrick Wiggins,
- Brian Hsu,
- Collin T. Christy,
- Noah Franz,
- Xiaofeng Wang,
- Jialian Liu,
- Liyang Chen
Affiliations
- Jennifer E. Andrews
- ORCiD
- Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab , 670 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA ; [email protected]
- Manisha Shrestha
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- K. Azalee Bostroem
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Yize Dong
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138-1516, USA
- Jeniveve Pearson
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- M. M. Fausnaugh
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, TX 79410-1051, USA
- David J. Sand
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- S. Valenti
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis , 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- Aravind P. Ravi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis , 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- Emily Hoang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis , 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- Griffin Hosseinzadeh
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0424, La Jolla, CA 92093-0424, USA
- Ilya Ilyin
- ORCiD
- Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) , An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany
- Daryl Janzen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan , 116 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- M. J. Lundquist
- ORCiD
- W.M. Keck Observatory , 65-1120 Mamalahoa Highway, Kamuela, HI 96743, USA
- Nicolás Meza
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis , 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA
- Nathan Smith
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Saurabh W. Jha
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA
- Moira Andrews
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Joseph Farah
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Estefania Padilla Gonzalez
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- D. Andrew Howell
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Curtis McCully
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Megan Newsome
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Craig Pellegrino
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Giacomo Terreran
- ORCiD
- Las Cumbres Observatory , 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117-5575, USA; Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530, USA
- Patrick Wiggins
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA
- Brian Hsu
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Collin T. Christy
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Noah Franz
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
- Xiaofeng Wang
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Jialian Liu
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Liyang Chen
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada555
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 980,
no. 1
p. 37
Abstract
We present a comprehensive multi-epoch photometric and spectroscopic study of SN 2024bch, a nearby (19.9 Mpc) Type II supernova (SN) with prominent early high-ionization emission lines. Optical spectra from 2.8 days after the estimated explosion reveal narrow lines of H i , He ii , C iv , and N iv that disappear by day 6. High-cadence photometry from the ground and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite show that the SN brightened quickly and reached a peak M _V ~ −17.8 mag within a week of explosion, and late-time photometry suggests a ^56 Ni mass of 0.050 M _⊙ . High-resolution spectra from days 7.9 and 43 trace the unshocked circumstellar medium (CSM) and indicate a wind velocity of 30–40 km s ^−1 , a value consistent with a red supergiant (RSG) progenitor. Comparisons between models and the early spectra suggest a pre-SN mass-loss rate of $\dot{M}\,\unicode{x0007E}\,1{0}^{-3}\unicode{8210}1{0}^{-2}\,{M}_{\odot }\,{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$ , which is too high to be explained by quiescent mass loss from RSGs, but is consistent with some recent measurements of similar SNe. Persistent blueshifted H i and [O i ] emission lines seen in the optical and near-IR spectra could be produced by asymmetries in the SN ejecta, while the multicomponent H α may indicate continued interaction with an asymmetric CSM well into the nebular phase. SN 2024bch provides another clue to the complex environments and mass-loss histories around massive stars.
Keywords
- Core-collapse supernovae
- Type II supernovae
- Stellar mass loss
- Red supergiant stars
- Circumstellar matter
