The effect of ubiquinone and combined antioxidant therapy on oxidative stress markers in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A phase IIa, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study
Adolfo Daniel Rodríguez-Carrizalez,
José Alberto Castellanos-González,
Esaú César Martínez-Romero,
Guillermo Miller-Arrevillaga,
Fermín Paul Pacheco-Moisés,
Luis Miguel Román-Pintos,
Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
Affiliations
Adolfo Daniel Rodríguez-Carrizalez
Department of Physiology, Clinical and Experimental Treatment Institute, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Mexico (Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología)
José Alberto Castellanos-González
Department of Ophthalmology, Specialties Hospital of the National Occidental Medical Centre, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico (Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social)
Esaú César Martínez-Romero
Department of Ophthalmology, Specialties Hospital of the National Occidental Medical Centre, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico (Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social)
Guillermo Miller-Arrevillaga
Department of Ophthalmology, Specialties Hospital of the National Occidental Medical Centre, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico (Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social)
Fermín Paul Pacheco-Moisés
University Centre of Exact and Engineering Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Mexico (Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería)
Luis Miguel Román-Pintos
Department of Physiology, Clinical and Experimental Treatment Institute, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Mexico (Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología)
Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
Department of Physiology, Clinical and Experimental Treatment Institute, University Health Sciences Centre, University of Guadalajara, Mexico (Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología)
Objective To evaluate the effect of ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10) and combined antioxidant therapy (CAT) on oxidative stress markers in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) under clinical management.Study design In a randomized, double-blind, phase IIa, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, three study groups were formed and administered medications as follows: Group 1, Coenzyme Q10; Group 2, CAT; and Group 3, placebo.Methods Serum levels of the products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitrites/nitrates, as markers of oxidative/nitrosative stress, were measured. As antioxidants, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were measured.Results Baseline serum levels of LPO and nitrites/nitrates were significantly elevated in the three groups vs. healthy group (P < 0.0001), while final levels in the Coenzyme Q10 and CAT groups were decreased vs. normal levels (P < 0.0001). The baseline TAC was consumed in the three groups (P < 0.0001), while final results in the Coenzyme Q10 and CAT groups improved (P < 0.0001). Baseline catalase activity was increased in all groups vs. normal values (P < 0.001), while final levels in the Coenzyme Q10 (P < 0.001) and CAT groups (P < 0.0001) were decreased. GPx behaved similarly to catalase and improved in the final results (P < 0.0001).Discussion Adjunctive antioxidant treatment for 6 months was effective and safe for improving the oxidative stress in NPDR.
