Protective effects of atorvastatin on myocardium in hypertensive rats

Abstract

Background and Aim: Previous studies have shown that arterial hypertension induces cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of treatment by atorvastatin, as an antioxidant, to prevent myocardial oxidative stress and cardiac hypertrophy in hypertensive rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups, including sham, sham treated, hypertensive, and hypertensive treated. The rats were made acutely hypertensive by aortic constriction above the renal arteries. After 21 days, the carotid artery pressure of the subjects was recorded and, under anaesthesia their hearts were removed and weighed. Then, the left atrium of each was excised. After tissue homogenation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of myocardium were determined through biochemical methods. Results: In the hypertensive groups, mean arterial hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/body weight, g/kg) increased70% and 76%, respectively. Aortic constriction significantly increased arterial pressure and cardiac hypertrophy index respectively SOD and CAT activities were significantly lower than in the sham animals ,P<0.05.Besides, arterial hypertension decreased GSH content of myocardium by 59% ,but it increased MDA level by 62%. Finally, it was found that atorvastatin treatment only prevented from the reduction of CAT activity. Conclusion: Arterial hypertension induces cardiac hypertrophy concomitant with oxidative stress in rat myocardium. Treatment with atorvastatin can prevent hypertension-induced oxidative stress.

Keywords

• Atorvastatin
• Arterial hypertension
• Oxidative stress
• hypertrophy Hypertrophy