A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects

Shenxu Bao; Bo Chen; Yimin Zhang; Liuyi Ren; Chunfu Xin; Wei Ding; Siyuan Yang; Wencai Zhang

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry (Aug 2023)

A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects

Shenxu Bao,
Bo Chen,
Yimin Zhang,
Liuyi Ren,
Chunfu Xin,
Wei Ding,
Siyuan Yang,
Wencai Zhang

Affiliations

Shenxu Bao: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Corresponding authors.
Bo Chen: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Corresponding authors.
Yimin Zhang: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China
Liuyi Ren: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
Chunfu Xin: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
Wei Ding: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
Siyuan Yang: School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan 430070, PR China
Wencai Zhang: Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 98
p. 106525

Abstract

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In recent two decades, ultrasound has been broadly applied to the hydrometallurgical leaching process to recover valuable metals within raw materials, aiming to solve the shortcomings of the conventional leaching process, including relatively low leaching recovery, long leaching duration, high reagent usage, high energy consumption and so on. The present work focuses on a comprehensive overview of the ultrasound-enhanced leaching of various metals, such as common nonferrous and ferrous metals, rare metals, rare earth elements, and precious metals, from raw metal ores and secondary resources. Moreover, the enhanced leaching mechanisms by ultrasound are discussed in detail and summarized based on the improvement of leaching kinetics, enhancement of the mass transfer and diffusion of lixiviants, and promotion of the oxidative conversion of metals from insoluble to soluble states. Lastly, the challenges and outlooks of future research on the leaching recovery for valuable metals with the assistance of ultrasound irradiation are proposed.

Published in Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

ISSN: 1350-4177 (Print); 1873-2828 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry; Science: Physics: Acoustics. Sound
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/ultrasonics-sonochemistry

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