Конституційно-правові академічні студії (Sep 2024)
National strategies for the development and regulation of artificial intelligence in the field of human rights protection
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to research national strategies for the development of artificial intelligence and regulation of its use in the field of human rights protection; the study of modern challenges and trends related to the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies that have an impact on humans. Research methods. In order to achieve the defined goal and fulfill the set tasks, a set of general scientific and special legal methods of scientific knowledge were used in the research process: dialectical, systemic-structural, logical-semantic, formal-logical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, analysis and synthesis. Results and conclusions. Today, regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) is being discussed all over the world, including Ukraine. Artificial intelligence, with significant potential for rapid growth, is becoming one of the most influential technologies in today's world. At the same time, the question arises about the ethical and legal use of these technologies. Against the background of globalization processes, the latest technologies of AI systems, penetrating into various fields, become the reality of every person's life, even at the household level. It was emphasized that the governments of various states understand the importance of using modern information and communication technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies. Attention is focused on the fact that if AI is not controlled, it can lead to problems in the field of human rights. That is why the governments of many countries around the world are trying to protect users of digital services from threats and negative effects when using AI, developing their strategies for the development and regulation of artificial intelligence for this purpose. It was noted that the national strategies for the development of AI differ from each other in terms of their goals, but they all have a common goal – the introduction of safe AI technologies into all spheres of human life. To better understand the impact of artificial intelligence on humans and to find solutions to the challenges it creates, international collaboration, supported by the GPAI (Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence), is needed. On the basis of the conducted research, the need to increase interest in solving the problems of human protection against potential AI threats at the international level has been proven. The main directions of the development of safe artificial intelligence, which were discussed at the first ever summit held in Great Britain, are described. The safe development of artificial intelligence will allow the use of its technologies for the benefit of humanity. The main regulatory legal acts are decisive for the formation of both international and national policy of each state, which regulate the sphere of human rights protection in the field of AI use, have been identified. The formation of international and European standards in the field of application of artificial intelligence is highlighted. The normative legal documents that establish and regulate the implementation of AI technologies in Ukraine have been analyzed. It was concluded that today no state in the world is able to work on the creation and implementation of AI in isolation from others: only international cooperation of scientists can ensure the development of high AI technologies. Ukraine, as a part of the European Community of States and a member of the Special Committee on Artificial Intelligence at the Council of Europe, should focus primarily on the standards of the European Union, the Council of Europe and other pan-European institutions regarding the development of AI. Legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in Ukraine is at the stage of development. The strategy for the development of artificial intelligence for 2022–2030 should become the basis for the preparation of state programs and legal acts related to the development of AI in Ukraine. In order to eliminate the risks of artificial intelligence, it is proposed to rely on European and global strategies for the development and regulation of AI, taking into account international standards and ethical principles in its use, when developing national legal acts.
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