Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Pediatric Echocardiographic Nomograms for Coronary Artery Sizes in Caucasian Children and Comparison among Major Nomograms
Massimiliano Cantinotti,
Marco Scalese,
Francesca Valeria Contini,
Eliana Franchi,
Cecilia Viacava,
Giulia Corana,
Alessandra Pizzuto,
Marchese Pietro,
Giuseppe Santoro,
Nadia Assanta
Affiliations
Massimiliano Cantinotti
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Marco Scalese
Department of Statistics, National Research Institute, National Research Council, 56121 Pisa, Italy
Francesca Valeria Contini
Clinical Cardiology Unit, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
Eliana Franchi
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Cecilia Viacava
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Giulia Corana
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Alessandra Pizzuto
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Marchese Pietro
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Giuseppe Santoro
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Nadia Assanta
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Aurelia Sud, 54100 Massa, Italy
Background: Although coronary artery nomograms in children have been published, data on Caucasian children are lacking. The aim of this study is to provide: (i) a full dataset of coronary artery diameters in healthy children and (ii) a comparison among major previous nomograms. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated 606 healthy subjects (age range, 1 days–2 scores, were logarithmic (ln[y] = a + b*ln[x]). Predicted values and Z-score boundaries by BSA are provided. Our ranges of normality are slightly lower than those, diverging from −0.22 to −0.59 Z-scores for the left main coronary artery and from −0.23 to −0.3 Z-scores for the right coronary artery. Conclusions: We report a complete dataset of normal echocardiography coronary artery diameter (including new measures of the proximal origin) values in a large population of healthy children. Our data were statistically like those of north American nomograms.
