Impact of age and induction therapy on outcome of 180 adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia; retrospective analysis and literature review

Abstract

The prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poor. Among 180 patients, the median age was 53 (14-88) years. The overall 2-year disease free survival (DFS) was 28.6% (+/- 3.4), 47.7% (+/- 6.6%) for ≤ 40, 23.6% (+/- 5.8%) for 41–60 and 11.7% (+/- 4.2%) for ≥61 (p< 0.0001). The overall 2-year survival (OS) was 45.3% (+/- 3.8%), 78.6% (+/- 5.5%) for ≤40, 43.5% (+/- 6.9%) for 41–60 and 15.8% (+/- 4.8%) for ≥61 (p< 0.0001). Induction outcome of ≥61 was best in high dose chemotherapy (HDC) group (p < 0.0001). Only those ≤40 had durable DFS and OS. HDC appears to improve the outcome of older AML patients.

Keywords

• Acute myeloid leukemia
• High-risk cytogenetics
• Standard induction
• Elderly
• Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation