Genetic diversity of local rice varieties in Kampung Naga- Tasikmalaya West Java based on RAPD

Abstract

Kampung Naga is a traditional village for the Sundanese tribe located near Tasikmalaya, West Java Province, Indonesia. Agriculture serves as the primary economic activity for the people of this community, both inside and outside of the cultivated lands. They continue to use conventional agricultural practices to preserve local wisdom passed down by their ancestors to ensure food security in the village. A total of eleven local rice varieties widely cultivated in Kampung Naga used in traditional ceremonies were tested in this study. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and relationship among the local rice varieties cultivated in Kampung Naga. We used RAPD markers in the testing process to measure genetic diversity more precisely and efficiently. The data was analyzed using NTSys and grouped based on their genetic similarity. Cluster analysis to form a phylogenetic tree in a dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA. Based on the genetic relationship analysis, the eleventh rice varieties were clustered in two groups with genetic similarity ranging from 25.53%-88.89%. Saptinah and Cere were clustered in one group, while the others in the other cluster. The genetic distance between these varieties was quite high (above 0.5). The genetic diversity and relationship observed in this study emphasize the importance of determining of the genetic identity of local varieties for sustainable use and support rice breeding initiatives.