Analytical studies of new genetic sources of Nordeum vulgare l. sensulato on ecological adaptability in the conditions of the center of the European part of Russia

Abstract

Studies to evaluate new genetic forms of spring barley were carried out in 2020-2022. in the conditions of the center of the European part of Russia (Ryazan region) on the following varieties: Znatny, Pamyati Chepeleva (Russia); Kufal, Reider (Belarus); KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Bente, Ellinor (Germany); LG Nabucco, Rapid (France); Laureate (Switzerland), regionalized in the period 2018-2020. It was established that the varieties Znatny - 6.38 t/ha, Ellinor - 6.02 t/ha and Kufal - 5.98 t/ha had the highest average yield. According to the length of the spike (≥8.0 cm), the varieties Bente and Znatny stood out. It has been established that the varieties Pamyati Chepeleva and Laureate have the highest productive bushiness (≥4.0), the varieties Kufal, Reider, Bente have a high grain size (≥50.0 g). According to a number of statistical indicators for assessing adaptability, the following varieties were identified: in terms of the level of yield and plasticity of the variety - Znatny and Ellinor (more than 100.0%); according to the coefficient of adaptability - Znatny, Kufal, KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Ellinor and Rapid (K.A.> 1.0); in terms of phenotypic stability (1.22…1.58) – Bente, KVS Harris, Noble, Ellinor and Rapid; according to the level of homeostasis (> 0.30) - Bente, Noble and Ellinor; by the minimum value of the range of yield (<0.30) - Bente, KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Noble; for the realization of the yield potential (≥ 80.0%) - Znatny, Kufal, KVS Harris, Bente and Ellinor; in terms of stress resistance - Bente, KVS Harris, Ellinor and Noble; according to the genetic flexibility of the variety - Noble and Rapid. The principle of ranking the best varieties made it possible to single out the varieties Znatny, Bente and KVS Harris, which took the first, second and third places in the rating scale, respectively. Analysis of the correlation dependence of adaptability indicators on the yield of new varieties revealed a significant contribution of the level of variety stability, adaptability coefficient, homeostatic level, realization of the yield potential of varieties and genetic flexibility (r = +0.502…+0.958).