Український соціум (Apr 2020)
Sociological and psychological models of communication: possibilities and restrictions of application in intercultural interaction research at the borderlands
Abstract
Paper considers the process of theoretical conceptualization of sociological and psychological models of communication as a substantial scientific basis for sociological study of intercultural interaction of adolescent borderland youth. This analysis highlights the dynamics and key semantic milestones of the formation process of intercultural communication in modern interpretation. This research traces the transformation of ideas about structural elements of intercultural communication models, their functions and tasks. Author analyses the genesis of ideas about the elements of models of intercultural communication with the needs and features of a specific period of their emergence and development. The vector of the dynamics of intercultural communication interpretation has been determined considering the peculiarities of the present: from its technocratic to interactionist vision. Emphasis is placed on the common and distinct communication models of G. Lasswell, Shannon-Weaver, T. Newcomb, Osgood-Schramm, J. Gerbner, Westley-MacLean, D. Berlo, M. de Fleur, and G. Melatzke Melatzke in the context of the logic of transformation, a shift can be made in the understanding of the communication process from a linear to a cyclic interpretation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of communication barriers, conceptualized in the models of aforementioned authors within the concept of “noise”. This research places emphasis on the importance and relevance of the feedback factor in communication processes, especially in the context of intercultural interaction. Understanding the role of the personality structure of the sender and the recipient of the communication in the processes of communicative interaction, reveals its significance. Furthermore, this study analyzes culturally determined factors of pressure and restrictions caused by the public nature of the communication processes. The approaches to explaining the essence of communication in the plane of its scientific interpretations are distinguished: structural and procedural. It is emphasized that structural models are focused, first of all, on the analysis of the constituent elements of communication, whereas procedural models mainly describe the dynamics of communication, the processes of meaning transformation within the limits of communicative interaction. It is concluded that the most suitable models of intercultural communication that can be applied in the analysis of intercultural interaction of adolescent borderland youth are M. de Fleur model and G. Melatzke model.
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