Revista CEFAC (Jun 2011)
Relação entre gravidade do desvio fonológico e fatores familiares Relationship among severity of phonological disorders and familial factors
Abstract
OBJETIVO: analisar a relação entre os fatores familiares e as diferentes gravidades. MÉTODOS: foram analisadas entrevistas iniciais, realizadas com base em um protocolo padronizado que incluía questões referentes à história gestacional, a antecedentes patológicos familiares e ao relacionamento familiar de 152 crianças com desvio fonológico, com idades entre 4:0 a 8:0 anos. Os fatores familiares investigados foram: gravidez não planejada; dependência (de um dos pais e/ou ambos) de álcool e/ou drogas; distúrbios de fala, linguagem, e/ou audição apresentados por pais e/ou familiares de primeiro grau; distúrbios psicológicos apresentados pelos pais; pais separados; pai ausente e perda de parentes próximos. Em seguida, a gravidade do desvio fonológico foi calculada segundo o Percentual de Consoantes Corretas-Revisado e, classificada em quatro grupos: desvio leve (n=49), leve-moderado (n=67), moderado-grave (n=24), grave (n=12). Por fim, os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a tratamento estatístico, utilizando o teste Exato de Fisher, considerando-se pPURPOSE: to analyze the relationship among the familial factors and the different severities of phonological disorder. METHODS: we analyzed initial interviews that were carried out through standardized protocol that included questions regarding pregnancy history, family pathological history and family relationship of 152 children with phonological disorder, ages 4:0 to 8:0-year old. The familial factors investigated were: unplanned pregnancy; dependency (one of the parents and/or both) on alcohol and/or drugs; speech, language and hearing disorders (shown by the parents and/or first-degree relatives); psychological disorders (shown by the parents); separated parents; father absence and loss of close relatives. Then, the severity of phonological disorder was calculated according to the Percentage of Correct Consonants and classified in four groups: mild (n=49), mild-moderate (n=67), moderate-severe (n= 24), severe (n=12). Finally, data were tabulated and submitted to statistical treatment using the Fisher Exact Test, considering p <0.05. RESULTS: we verified predominance of the group with moderate-severe disorder as for the aspects of unplanned pregnancy, dependency on alcohol and/or drugs, speech language and/or hearing disorders in relatives, separated parents, absent parents and loss of relatives. However, this difference was not statistically significant. For the psychological disorders aspect, there was a predominance of the mild group with a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: the familial aspects studied seem not to have direct relationship with the severity of phonological disorder, except for the psychological disorders. However, the investigation of familial aspects in children with phonological disorder is important to better conduct the treatment.
