Flow‐To‐Fracture Transition of Linear Maxwell‐Type Versus Yield Strength Fluids by Air Injection—Implications for Magma Fracturing

Abstract

Abstract To illuminate brittle and ductile fracturing of magma, we investigated bubble expansion and fracturing in two contrasting fluids: a Maxwell‐type viscoelastic fluid and a Bingham‐type yield‐strength fluid. Measurements of the complex shear modulus, G′ + iG″ (i is the imaginary unit), under small‐strain oscillation showed that both fluids are elastic (G′ > G″) with similar rigidity. Viscous behavior (G′ G″ condition is insufficient to infer that brittle fracturing can occur. Brittle fracturing of the Maxwell fluid occurred not at a critical strain rate but under decreasing strain rate and increasing stress.

Keywords

• fragmentation
• magma
• yield‐strength
• viscoelasticity
• brittle
• ductile