International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences (Jan 2024)
Factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure in adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at Enat General Hospital, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2021
Abstract
Background: Uncontrolled hypertension in hypertensive patients is a significant public health issue in both developed and developing nations, and it can result in early death and disability on a global scale. Objective: To assess factors associated with uncontrolled BP among adult patients with hypertension attending Enat General Hospital, Ethiopia. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed from May 1 to June 30, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 403 study participants. Epi-data version 4.6 and SPSS version 25 was used to enter and analyze the data respectively. Variables with P-value < 0.25 in bi-variable logistic regression analysis were imported to multivariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with p-value < 0.05 were declared for statistical significance. Results: About 47.8% of participants had uncontrolled BP with a response rate of 95%. Abnormal waist circumference (AOR: 3.703, 95% CI 1.690–8.133), moderate stress (AOR: 4.838, 95% CI 2.072–11.294), high stress (AOR: 3.894, 95% CI 1.653–9.170), alcohol use (AOR: 3.097, 95% CI 1.665–5.763), high anxiety (AOR: 4.127, 95% CI 1.120–15.00), borderline anxiety (AOR: 6.560, 95 % CI 2.941–14.633), not eating fruit (AOR: 3.022, 95 % CI 1.430–6.386), medication non-adherence (AOR: 9.266, 95 % CI = 2.054–41.804), salt (AOR: 2.336, 95 % CI 1.269–4.302), and comorbidity (AOR: 3.204, 95 % CI 1.046–9.808) were factors associated with uncontrolled BP. Conclusions: Uncontrolled BP was strongly correlated with stress, alcohol use, anxiety, less fruit-eating habits, salt intake, medication nonadherence, co-morbidities. Regular follow-up, early care seeking for co-morbidity and the provision of health education regarding lifestyle changes are all recommended.
