PREVALENCE OF OPPORTUNISTIC FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN RAJKOT

Abstract

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the most significant emerging infectious pathogen of the 20th century. The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues its expansion across the globe including India. Material and Method: This study was conducted during June 2008 to August 2009. During this period samples from 100 HIV positive cases were collected. Different samples like sputum, CSF, oral swab, throat swab, vaginal swab, pus, skin scrapings were collected and examined for fungus by direct microscopy as well as for culture growth using Saborauds dextrose medium. In direct microscopy Gram’s staining, KOH wet mount and India ink preparation were used to observe the fungi. And for culture Saborauds dextrose agar with and without chloramphenicol and blood agar were used. Result: Among all patients, detection of Candida species was 55%, Cryptococcus neoformans was 4%, Aspergillus species was 3% and Dermatophytes was 4%. In our study there were 78% male and 22% female. Conclusion: opportunistic fungal infections are highly prevalent in HIV positive patients. Our results are comparable with some of the studies conducted in India and abroad.

Keywords

• HIV
• Opportunistic fungal infections
• Candida
• Cryptococcus
• Aspergillus
• Dermatophytes