Infection and Drug Resistance (Apr 2023)
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Quinoxaline Derivative Compound Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Abdelbagi Elfadil,1,2 Ahmad Mandeel Alzahrani,1 Hani Abdullah,1 Hamoud Alsamhan,3– 5 Turki S Abujamel,6,7 Hafsa Elawd Ahmed,8 Asif Jiman-Fatani1 1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 2Center of Research Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Infectious Disease Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 6Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ahmad Mandeel Alzahrani, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 54 095 9911, Email [email protected]: While the frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to rise globally, there is a fear regarding an increase in vancomycin resistance among S. aureus strains. As far back as the 1960s, MRSA was one of the world’s most prevalent antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Among hospitalized patients and community members, MRSA is the cause of a significant number of infections. As a result of its resistance to classical beta-lactam and, in some cases, vancomycin antibiotics, efforts must be made as soon as feasible to find a new approach to fighting MRSA.Purpose: This study is designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of quinoxaline derivative compound against MRSA in comparison with vancomycin as a reference drug.Methods: Sixty MRSA isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing by broth microdilution method for quinoxaline derivative compound and vancomycin. Each drug’s minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined and compared.Results: Among the sixty MRSA isolates, most of the quinoxaline derivative compound MIC findings (56.7%) were 4 μg/mL compared to vancomycin MIC values (63.3%) of 4 μg/mL. In comparison, 20% of quinoxaline derivative compound MIC readings were 2 μg/mL, while the vancomycin MIC results were 6.7%. However, the overall proportion of MIC readings at ≤ 2 μg/mL for both antibacterial agents was equal (23.3%). None of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin.Conclusion: This experiment revealed that most MRSA isolates were associated with low MICs (1– 4 μg/mL) for quinoxaline derivative compound. Overall, the susceptibility of the quinoxaline derivative compound signifies a promising efficacy against MRSA and may set a novel treatment approach.Keywords: antibiotic resistance, drug discovery, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, minimum inhibitory concentration, quinoxaline, vancomycin
