Cytocompatible antifungal acrylic resin containing silver nanoparticles for dentures

Abstract

Laura Susana Acosta-Torres,1 Irasema Mendieta,2 Rosa Elvira Nuñez-Anita,3 Marcos Cajero-Juárez,3 Víctor M Castaño41National School of Higher Education, School of Dentistry - Leon Unit, National Autonomus University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon, Guanajuato, 2Neurobiology Institute, National Autonomus University of Mexico (UNAM), Juriquilla, Queretaro, 3Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Michoacán University, Michoacán, 4Molecular Materials Department, Applied Physics and Advanced Technology Center, National Autonomus University of Mexico (UNAM), Juriquilla, Queretaro, MexicoBackground: Inhibition of Candida albicans on denture resins could play a significant role in preventing the development of denture stomatitis. The safety of a new dental material with antifungal properties was analyzed in this work.Methods: Poly(methyl methacrylate) [PMMA] discs and PMMA-silver nanoparticle discs were formulated, with the commercial acrylic resin, Nature-CrylTM, used as a control. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dispersive Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The antifungal effect was assessed using a luminescent microbial cell viability assay. Biocompatibility tests were carried out using NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts and a Jurkat human lymphocyte cell line. Cells were cultured for 24 or 72 hours in the presence or absence of the polymer formulations and analyzed using three different tests, ie, cellular viability by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and cell proliferation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay BrdU, and genomic DNA damage (Comet assay). Finally, the samples were evaluated mechanically, and the polymer-bearing silver nanoparticles were analyzed microscopically to evaluate dispersion of the nanoparticles.Results: The results show that PMMA-silver nanoparticle discs significantly reduce adherence of C. albicans and do not affect metabolism or proliferation. They also appear not to cause genotoxic damage to cells.Conclusion: The present work has developed a new biocompatible antifungal PMMA denture base material.Keywords: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, dental polymers, denture bases, Candida albicans, antifungal effect