B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma patient presenting with life threatening ruptured mycotic aneurysm of internal iliac artery

Abstract

Mycotic aneurysm is defined as the dilatation of the vessel wall. It is a rare entity especially the mycotic pseudoaneurysm of iliac artery due to the underlying infection of the artery wall. Due to the nonspecific signs and symptoms there is often a delayed diagnosis that can lead to high morbidity and mortality. We present a case of a 4 year old patient with B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma who developed a mycotic aneurysm of the right internal iliac artery while undergoing chemotherapy. The patient underwent the radiological imaging CT scan and MRI for nonspecific symptoms of fever, abdominal pain and lymphadenopathy and aneurysm was found on the scans. Patient health deteriorated fast and he died of cardiopulmonary complications before receiving any surgical or endovascular therapy. This case is unique in its kind as the fast and progressive nature can prove fatal. Therefore, the role of radiological imaging is crucial in making an early diagnosis that can improve the already poor prognosis of this clinical situation.

Keywords

• Mycotic aneurysm
• Internal iliac artery pseudoaneurysm
• Infected aneurysm
• B cell lymphoblastic lymphoma