Stone Tools from the Eneolithic Dwelling of Excavation 2 in Igim Settlement (According to the Results of Trasological Analisis)

Abstract

The paper deals with the results of a typological and a functional study of stone objects collection part (408 items) originating from the Eneolithic dwelling of excavation 2 in a multi-layered Igim settlement situated in the Nizhnekamsk reservoir zone at the confluence of the Ik and Kama rivers (Russian Federation, Republic of Tatarstan). The site was investigated by P.N. Starostin and R.S. Gabiashev in 1970–1971. They found that the settlement was inhabited for three periods - during the Neolithic, the Eneolithic and the Late Bronze Age. After traceological research of the stone wares, it has been possible to identify a number of stone tools categories by their functional purpose. The obtained data give an opportunity to identify the main tool complexes. First of all, there are woodworking tool complex and the complex for the cutting and the processing of hunting production. On the territory of the studied dwelling, not only the cutting of the carcasses was practiced, but also the further hide processing. At the same time, there are no such categories of tools as drills and axes. The author made a hypothetical conclusion about the Eneolithic Age of the examined set of tools.

Keywords

• archaeology
• Eneolithic
• Lower Kama
• typology
• traceology
• functional analysis
• stone tools
• economic complexes