Лечащий Врач (Dec 2024)
Anemia of chronic diseases: connection with cardiovascular pathology
Abstract
Background. In the XXI century, there is a rapid increase of chronic non-communicable diseases, leading to population disability and mortality. Anaemia is one of the most frequent comorbidities in cardiac patients and is associated with increased risks of adverse outcomes. The incidence of anaemia, as well as cardiovascular disease, increases with age. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one of four patients with a chronic disease has concomitant anemia. A special place in chronic pathology is occupied by anemia of chronic diseases, which is in second place after iron deficiency anemia in terms of frequency of spread. In the development of anemia of chronic diseases, activation of immunocomponent cells and proinflammatory cytokines is noted, which in turn have biological effects on iron metabolism and hematopoiesis regulation, reducing the life expectancy of circulating red blood cells. It is assumed that hemorheological disorders and remodeling of the cardiovascular system occur under the influence of enhanced erythrophagocytosis by macrophages. Anemia aggravates the course of concomitant pathology and contributes to a decrease in performance, cognitive function and survival. Anemia is a predictor and risk factor for cardiovascular remodeling.Materials and methods. The analysis of literature sources in the database "Scopus", "Web of Science", "PubMed/MedLine", "eLibrary" were carried out. The literature search was conducted using the following keywords in Russian and English: "anemia", "anemia of chronic diseases", "coronary heart disease", "myocardial infarction".Conclusion. We have analyzed publications from 2013 to 2024. It is a literature review of cardiovascular changes in anemia of chronic diseases, examines the possible negative effects of anemia on the coronary heart disease development, presents the results of modern research and their importance in practical healthcare.
Keywords
