ProDOT-Based Polymers: From Energy Storage to Smart Window Applications

Abstract

Nowadays, electroactive materials based on conjugated polymers for energy storage and electrochromic window applications attract large interest due to their low cost, accessible synthetic procedures, and interesting electrochemical properties. Herein, we report on the performance of two propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT)-based polymers having varying length and functionality side chains, which were explored to assess their potential for these applications. The polymers were obtained by oxidative chemical polymerization and processed from organic solvents into thin coatings with different molecular assemblies. Preliminary studies on their chemical structure and optical and electrochemical characteristics were performed to evidence how these are influenced by the side chain substituent nature. When tested as electrode material in the three-electrode cell configuration, the synthesized ProDOT-based polymers provided the highest specific areal capacitance of 1.059 mF/cm2 at a scan rate of 10 mV/s and 0.538 mF/cm2 at 0.01 mA/cm2 in cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements, respectively. One of the polymers showed electrochromic response, with ultrafast color change from deep purple to highly transmissive green/blue. A coloration efficiency of 123 cm2/C and a maximum CE decay of 9.9% after 100 cycles was achieved for this material, which is also able to efficiently store electrical charge, thus demonstrating potential for use in energy storage smart window applications where the energy level can be estimated by simple visual observation.

Keywords

• propylenedioxythiophene
• conjugated polymers
• side chain functionality
• energy storage
• electrochromism