Non-similar analysis of heat generation and thermal radiation on Eyring-Powell Hybrid nanofluid flow across a stretching surface

Abstract

This paper portrays a two-dimensional mathematical model developed for the analysis of Eyring-Powell hybrid nanofluid flow, incorporating variable temperature and velocity profiles. This study investigates the flow through a porous media with a mixture of hybrid nanoparticles (copper dioxide, magnetite) integrated into ethylene glycol ( EG ) across a stretching sheet. The model takes magnetic effects, heat generation, and thermal radiation into account. Additionally, nonsimilar partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations using the local nonsimilarity approach. These equations are then numerically solved using the built-in Matlab function bvp4c. To examine the effects of adjusting parameters on heat, mass transfer, and skin friction, the results are displayed graphically. With an increase in the given values of magnetic field M , the velocity profile f ′ ( ξ , η ) is seen to decay. Moreover, it is observed that the hybrid nanofluid density and dynamic viscosity increase as the volume fraction rises. It is estimated that the thermal conductivity and viscosity of the Fe 3 O 4 + Cu / EG hybrid nanofluid are expected to increase to 4.1% and 12.35%, respectively, and to 71.55% and 78.01%, respectively, for volume concentrations ranging from 0.02% to 0.05%. It is also concluded that the local skin-friction coefficient has the opposite trend while the local Nusselt number rises monotonically with both the slip velocity parameter and the surface convection parameter. This research has broad applications In the glass and polymer industries, metallic plate cooling, plastic sheet contractions, etc.