Antibacterial Potential of <i>Caesalpinia coriaria</i> (Jacq) Willd Fruit against <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. of Aquaculture Importance
Lenin Rangel-López,
Nallely Rivero-Perez,
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza,
Agustín Olmedo-Juárez,
Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz,
Vicente Vega-Sánchez,
Sawako Hori-Oshima,
Mohamed A. Nassan,
Gaber El-Saber Batiha,
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
Affiliations
Lenin Rangel-López
Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Nallely Rivero-Perez
Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, Toluca C.P. 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534/Col. Progreso, Jiutepec C.P. 62550, Morelos, Mexico
Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz
Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas C.P. 98000, Zacatecas, Mexico
Vicente Vega-Sánchez
Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Sawako Hori-Oshima
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali C.P. 21000, Baja California, Mexico
Mohamed A. Nassan
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Ex-Hda. de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
Aquaculture is an important source of food and livelihood for hundreds of millions of people around the world, however, aquaculture systems are affected by different factors, among them the appearance of resistant or multiresistant bacteria to antimicrobials. The secondary metabolites of plants have been proposed as alternatives for the treatment of these bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Caesalpinia coriaria fruit hydroalcoholic extract and gallic acid over Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii, and Aeromonas dhakensis to identify new molecules for the treatment of diseases caused by Aeromonas spp. The C. coriaria fruit hydroalcoholic extract (HECc) was obtained by hydroalcoholic maceration and subjected to bipartition with ethyl acetate and water to obtain an aqueous fraction (Ac-FrCc) and an organic fraction (Ac-FrEtCc); gallic acid was purchased commercially. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), MBC/MIC ratio, and cytotoxicity of HECc, its fractions, and gallic acid were determined. The results indicate that HECc fractions (Ac-FrCc and Ac-FrEtCc) and gallic acid have bactericidal activity against A. hydrophila and A. dhakensis, but only gallic acid showed bactericidal activity against A. veronii. The HECc and Ac-FrCc showed no toxicity, Ac-FrEtCc showed low toxicity, and gallic acid showed medium toxicity. The HECc, Ac-FrCc, and Ac-FrEtCc may be alternatives for the treatment of diseases caused by the genus Aeromonas, however, in vivo assays are necessary to corroborate these results.
