Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with chronic disease and comorbidity among the elderly in China: an analysis of 2018 CLHLS survey data

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of sleep duration and sleep quality with chronic disease and comorbidity among the elderly in China, providing a reference for developing chronic disease prevention and control strategies for the elderly population in China. MethodsData on 11 529 the elderly aged ≥ 60 years old from 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across China were collected from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2018. The association of sleep duration and sleep quality with chronic disease and comorbidity among the elderly in China was analyzed. ResultsAmong the 11 529 the elderly aged ≥ 60 years in China, 2 115 (18.35%), 6 362 (55.18%), and 3 052 (26.47%) had a sleep duration of 8 h/d, respectively; 6 201 (53.78%), 3 629 (31.48%), and 1 699 (14.74%) had good, fair, and poor sleep quality, respectively. There were 6 457 cases of chronic disease and 2 682 cases of chronic disease comorbidity, with prevalence rates of 56.01% and 23.26%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, marital status, smoking status, drinking status, and body mass index, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of chronic disease in Chinese the elderly with a sleep duration of < 6 h/d was 1.25 times that of those with a sleep duration of 6 – 8 h/d (OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.13 – 1.39). The risk of chronic disease in Chinese the elderly with good and fair sleep quality was 0.62 times (OR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.55 – 0.70) and 0.72 times (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.64 – 0.81) that of those with poor sleep quality, respectively. The risk of chronic disease comorbidity in Chinese the elderly with a sleep duration of < 6 h/d was 1.34 times that of those with a sleep duration of 6 – 8 h/d (OR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.19 – 1.51). The risk of chronic disease comorbidity in Chinese the elderly with good and fair sleep quality was 0.54 times (OR = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.48 – 0.62) and 0.65 times (OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.57 – 0.74) that of those with poor sleep quality, respectively. ConclusionShort sleep duration can increase the risk of chronic disease and comorbidity in Chinese the elderly, while better sleep quality can reduce the risk of chronic disease and comorbidity in Chinese the elderly.

Keywords

• chronic disease
• comorbidity
• sleep duration
• sleep quality
• association
• the elderly
• china