Revista Sociedade & Natureza (May 2005)
CONSIDERATION ABOUT A CONSERVACIONIST STUDY ABOUT THE MICRO BASINS HYDROGRAPHICS OF THE RIVERS DOS APERTADOS AND TRÊS BOCAS, NORTH OF PARANÁ – BRAZIL
Abstract
The environmental planning in hydrographic micro basins may minimize the incidence of environmental impacts as consequence of the human indiscriminate action. The hydrographic basin is worldly recognized as the best unit for handling natural resources. Thus, a methodology for diagnosis of the real situation of natural resources, in a basin, turns to be a necessary tool for the preservation and management of these resources. The identification of the different kinds of predominant vegetables informs, chiefly, about the level of soil protection, since the vegetation is responsible for the protection against the impacts of the raindrops (splash), by the reduction of the speed of surface outflow (runoff), through the increasing of the land ruggedness and greater soil structure constitution that may offer greater resistance to the action of the erosive processes. Besides, the collected data about the covering vegetation generally comes along with the information about the current use of the soil, since they both are strictly related. Several authors have pointed out the importance of geo morphological mappings of environmental planning projects. The use of the cartography and geo morphological information aim to represent the physiography of the landscape,considering the elements identification or environment of transport and accumulation, characterization of the morph genetics processes, and the human action implications. From the environmental point of view, the landforms are factors that influence the local hydrological conditions and specific top climatic. In this sense, the micro basins of Ribeirões dos Apertados and Três Bocas located between the municipalities of Londrina and Arapongas, North of Paraná, though constituted by fertile soils, Nitossolos and Argissolos, present a mainframe of environmental degradation common to other micro basins of the region, or, the lack of banks vegetation, the action of erosive processes, blocking the water fountains, and turning unviable the maintenance and increasing of the productivity of these areas. This study aims the composition of an environmental diagnosis of a limited area between two micro basins, as well as to evaluate the system of handling the soil and the effectiveness of conservationists’ practices that have been used in order to present an environmental planning.It can be observed that in some agricultural areas, at least in the beginning, between two micro basins, some conservationists practices were used as handling and use of rural soil, the build of terraces, recovering of dirty roads, and suitable handling of the agricultural defensive packing, among others. But what is really outstanding in the properties, like everything else in Paraná state, is the introduction of The Direct Planting System. The results of these actions mainly when working together with the responsible organs of agricultural management, are effective in the improvement of environmental conditions for the agricultural development activity, rather with the increasing in production and maintenance of the environmental balance in the micro basins. It was noticed also that in many rural properties of the studied area, are beginning to adopt the direct planting system. However, it is necessary to guide the human occupation in order to keep safe the areas intended to be of environmental preservation, aiming the conservation of the natural resources, the strong environmental fragility and high susceptibility to erosion of this area of study.
