TTS package: Computational tools for the application of the Time Temperature Superposition principle

Abstract

The TTS package has been developed in R software to predict the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials, at short and long observation times/frequencies by applying the Time Temperature Superposition (TTS) principle. TTS is a physical principle used in material science to estimate mechanical properties beyond the experimental range of observed times/frequencies by shifting data curves obtained at other temperatures relative to a reference temperature in the dataset. It is a methodology related to accelerated life-tests and reliability, whereas the TTS library is one of the first open source computational tool to apply the TTS principle. This R package provides free computational tools to obtain master curves that characterize materials from a thermal-mechanical approach. The TTS package also proposes, implements and explains our own method to obtain the shift factors and the master curve in a TTS analysis, based on horizontal shifting of the first derivative function of viscoelastic properties. This procedure provides shift factors estimates and smooth master curve estimates using B-spline fitting, in a fully automatic way, without assuming any parametric expression. Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) and Arrhenius TTS parametric models are also implemented in the TTS package. They can be fitted from shifts obtained by the our first derivative based method.

Keywords

• Time Temperature Superposition
• Thermal analysis
• Statistical modeling
• R software