Benefit of broccoli extract-sulforaphane prophylaxis in ventilator-induced lung injury

Abstract

Background: Owig to the extensive use of mechanical ventilation, risks of acute lung injury are significant in the intensive care unit. Broccoli extract-sulforaphane (SFN) has been investigated as bioactive polyphenol in chronic lung diseases. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of SFN in a rat model of ventilator-induced lung injury. Methods: SFN supplement was administrated 30 min before intubation with the dosage of 3 mg/kg. Then, rats were assigned to receive ventilation with a high tidal volume of 40 mL/kg for 6 h, and low ventilation of 6 mL/kg served as controls. Results: The severity of pulmonary edema was mitigated in the SFN-pretreated group with decreased weight ratios of wet to dry lung and total lung to the body, respectively. From bronchoalveolar lavage, SFN treatment suppressed both leukocytes counts and cytokines production. Following ventilator-exerted oxidative burst with the rescue of glutathione level was identified in SFN-pretreated group. Besides, SFN-reduced cell apoptosis was confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and cleavage of caspase-3. Western blotting from lung tissues revealed the upregulation of hemeoxygenase-1 with decreased nuclear factor κB and p38 phosphorylation in SFN-treated group. Conclusion: Our results elucidated the prophylaxis of broccoli extract-SFN could attenuate ventilator-induced oxidative stress, inflammation reaction, and pulmonary edema.

Keywords

• sulforaphane
• polyphenol
• ventilator-induced lung injury
• nuclear factor-kappa b
• heme oxygenase-1
• oxidative stress