Записки з романо-германської філології (Sep 2020)
VERBAL MEANS AND WAYS OF HUMOROUS AND COMIC EFFECT ACTUALIZATION IN AMERICAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE
Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of linguistic actualization of humorous and comic effects in American political discourse. Humour is a complicated and wide-spread phenomenon of our life, and that is why it is studied in different branches of science: psychology, philosophy, sociology. Linguistics also has made a great contribution to humour research focusing on different aspects and on cognitive one in particular. Using such notions of cognitive linguistics as schemes, frames, scripts, cognitive models makes us understand mental processes of humour, particularly its formation during our brain identification of cognitive structures. Just cognitive abilities of a person enables them to comprehend and create the comic, and these abilities are based on memories, associations, comprehension of metameanings. Being a multifaceted category humour cannot exist beyond a communicative situation created by a person that is why discourse as a process of natural human communication has become an object of thorough research in modern language studies. One of the widespread ways of humour actualization is creating speech structures which, on the other hand, show the result of a person’s discursive activity. At the same time they make it possible to appraise the individual peculiarities of their сreator communicative competence, their latent processes of language consciousness. Verbal ways of making the humorous in the above-mentioned type of discourse are different and the effect is produced by using these ways at different language levels (lexical, phonetic) as authors do their best to produce a powerful effect. The сommonest means of producing comic and humorous effects in American political discourse are: 1.figures of speech (metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole) 2.using comparison 3.using phonetic means.
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