Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Gut Microbiota in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mice: Compared Evaluation of Liraglutide and Semaglutide Intervention

Abstract

Chuanhao Xiong,1,* Jingzhu Wu,1,* Yuhang Ma,1,* Na Li,1 Xuejiao Wang,1 Yao Li,2 Xiaoying Ding1 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaoying Ding, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected] Yao Li, Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent cause of infertility in reproductive-age women. Our work aims to evaluate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on gut microbiota, with metabolic parameters including body weight and the hormone profile in PCOS.Patients and Methods: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mice were established and then treated with two GLP-1RAs: liraglutide and novel form semaglutide for four weeks. Changes in body weight and metabolic parameters were measured. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using metagenomic sequencing.Results: Liraglutide and semaglutide modulated both alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota in PCOS. Liraglutide increased the Bacillota-to-Bacteroidota ratio through up-regulating the abundance of butyrate-producing members of Bacillota like Lachnospiraceae. Moreover, liraglutide showed the ability to reverse the altered microbial composition and the disrupted microbiota functions caused by PCOS. Semaglutide increased the abundance of Helicobacter in PCOS mice (p < 0.01) which was the only bacteria found negatively correlated with body weight. Moreover, pathways involving porphyrin and flavonoids were increased after semaglutide intervention.Conclusion: Liraglutide and semaglutide improved reproductive and metabolic disorders by modulating the whole structure of gut microbiota in PCOS. The greater efficacy in weight loss compared with liraglutide observed after semaglutide intervention was positively related with Helicobacter. The study may provide new ideas in the treatment and the underlying mechanisms of GLP-1RAs to improve PCOS.Keywords: PCOS, GLP-1 receptor agonists, gut microbiota, metabolism

Keywords

• pcos
• glp-1 receptor agonists
• gut microbiota
• metabolism