World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Jun 2024)
Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron strain infection in China: A national multicenter survey of 35,566 individuals
- Meng‐Fan Liu,
- Rui‐Xia Ma,
- Xian‐Bao Cao,
- Hua Zhang,
- Shui‐Hong Zhou,
- Wei‐Hong Jiang,
- Yan Jiang,
- Jing‐Wu Sun,
- Qin‐Tai Yang,
- Xue‐Zhong Li,
- Ya‐Nan Sun,
- Li Shi,
- Min Wang,
- Xi‐Cheng Song,
- Fu‐Quan Chen,
- Xiao‐Shu Zhang,
- Hong‐Quan Wei,
- Shao‐Qing Yu,
- Dong‐Dong Zhu,
- Luo Ba,
- Zhi‐Wei Cao,
- Xu‐Ping Xiao,
- Xin Wei,
- Zhi‐Hong Lin,
- Feng‐Hong Chen,
- Chun‐Guang Shan,
- Guang‐Ke Wang,
- Jing Ye,
- Shen‐Hong Qu,
- Chang‐Qing Zhao,
- Zhen‐Lin Wang,
- Hua‐Bin Li,
- Feng Liu,
- Xiao‐Bo Cui,
- Sheng‐Nan Ye,
- Zheng Liu,
- Yu Xu,
- Xiao Cai,
- Wei Huang,
- Ru‐Xin Zhang,
- Yu‐Lin Zhao,
- Guo‐Dong Yu,
- Guang‐Gang Shi,
- Mei‐Ping Lu,
- Yang Shen,
- Yu‐Tong Zhao,
- Jia‐Hong Pei,
- Shao‐Bing Xie,
- Long‐Gang Yu,
- Ye‐Hai Liu,
- Shao‐Wei Gu,
- Yu‐Cheng Yang,
- Lei Cheng,
- Jian‐Feng liu
Affiliations
- Meng‐Fan Liu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
- Rui‐Xia Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan Yinchuan China
- Xian‐Bao Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province Kunming China
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi China
- Shui‐Hong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
- Wei‐Hong Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Jing‐Wu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Hefei China
- Qin‐Tai Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Xue‐Zhong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
- Ya‐Nan Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China
- Li Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University Shandong University Jinan China
- Min Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Peking University People′s Hospital Beijing China
- Xi‐Cheng Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Qingdao University Yantai China
- Fu‐Quan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi′an China
- Xiao‐Shu Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou China
- Hong‐Quan Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China
- Shao‐Qing Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical University Shanghai China
- Dong‐Dong Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
- Luo Ba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xizang Autonomous Region People′s Hospital Lasa China
- Zhi‐Wei Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China
- Xu‐Ping Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital Changsha China
- Xin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Hainan General Hospital Haikou China
- Zhi‐Hong Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- Feng‐Hong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
- Chun‐Guang Shan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
- Guang‐Ke Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Henan Provincial People′s Hospital Zhengzhou China
- Jing Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang China
- Shen‐Hong Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People′s Hospital Nanning China
- Chang‐Qing Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Shanxi Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital Taiyuan China
- Zhen‐Lin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Hua‐Bin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Feng Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Xiao‐Bo Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University Hohhot China
- Sheng‐Nan Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou China
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Yu Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Xiao Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital Xining China
- Wei Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Tianjin Huanhu Hospital Tianjin China
- Ru‐Xin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University Shanghai China
- Yu‐Lin Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- Guo‐Dong Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- Guang‐Gang Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan China
- Mei‐Ping Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Yang Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Yu‐Tong Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First People′s Hospital of Yinchuan Yinchuan China
- Jia‐Hong Pei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province Kunming China
- Shao‐Bing Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- Long‐Gang Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Ye‐Hai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei China
- Shao‐Wei Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
- Yu‐Cheng Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Lei Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Jian‐Feng liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China‐Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/wjo2.167
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 2
pp. 113 – 120
Abstract
Abstract Objective This cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the epidemiology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to COVID‐19 in China. Methods This study was conducted by 45 tertiary Grade‐A hospitals in China. Online and offline questionnaire data were obtained from patients infected with COVID‐19 between December 28, 2022, and February 21, 2023. The collected information included basic demographics, medical history, smoking and drinking history, vaccination history, changes in olfactory and gustatory functions before and after infection, and other postinfection symptoms, as well as the duration and improvement status of olfactory and gustatory disorders. Results Complete questionnaires were obtained from 35,566 subjects. The overall incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunction was 67.75%. Being female or being a cigarette smoker increased the likelihood of developing olfactory and taste dysfunction. Having received four doses of the vaccine or having good oral health or being a alcohol drinker decreased the risk of such dysfunction. Before infection, the average olfactory and taste VAS scores were 8.41 and 8.51, respectively; after infection, they decreased to 3.69 and 4.29 and recovered to 5.83 and 6.55 by the time of the survey. The median duration of dysosmia and dysgeusia was 15 and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% of patients having symptoms lasting for more than 28 days. The overall self‐reported improvement rate was 59.16%. Recovery was higher in males, never smokers, those who received two or three vaccine doses, and those that had never experienced dental health issues, or chronic accompanying symptoms. Conclusions The incidence of dysosmia and dysgeusia following infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is high in China. Incidence and prognosis are influenced by several factors, including sex, SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination, history of head‐facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking and drinking history, and the persistence of accompanying symptoms.
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