Catalytic atroposelective synthesis of heterobiaryls with vicinal C−C and N−N diaxes via dynamic kinetic resolution

Abstract

Summary: Reported herein is a highly efficient dynamic kinetic resolution protocol for the atroposelective synthesis of heterobiaryls with vicinal C−C and N−N diaxes. Atropisomers bearing vicinal diaxes mainly exist in o-triaryls, while that of biaryls is highly challenging in terms of the concerted rotation and deplanarization effects. The combination of C−C biaryl with N−N nonbiaryl delivers a novel class of vicinal-diaxis heterobiaryls. For their atroposelective synthesis, the dynamic kinetic resolution enabled by either quinine-catalyzed allylation or isothiourea-catalyzed acylation has been developed, allowing the preparation of a wide range of vicinal-axis heterobiaryls in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. Atropisomerization experiments revealed that the C−C bond rotation led to diastereomers, and the N−N bond rotation offered enantiomers. Besides, this protocol could be extended to kinetic resolution by employing substrates with a more hindered axis.

Keywords

• Chemistry
• Chemical reaction engineering
• Catalysis
• Organic chemistry