Tribological behavior and biocompatibility of novel Nickel-Free stainless steel manufactured via laser powder bed fusion for biomedical applications

Chinmayee Nayak; Abhinav Anand; Nikhil Kamboj; Tuomas Kantonen; Karoliina Kajander; Vilma Tupala; Terhi J. Heino; Rahul Cherukuri; Gaurav Mohanty; Jan Čapek; Efthymios Polatidis; Sneha Goel; Antti Salminen; Ashish Ganvir

Materials & Design (Jun 2024)

Tribological behavior and biocompatibility of novel Nickel-Free stainless steel manufactured via laser powder bed fusion for biomedical applications

Chinmayee Nayak,
Abhinav Anand,
Nikhil Kamboj,
Tuomas Kantonen,
Karoliina Kajander,
Vilma Tupala,
Terhi J. Heino,
Rahul Cherukuri,
Gaurav Mohanty,
Jan Čapek,
Efthymios Polatidis,
Sneha Goel,
Antti Salminen,
Ashish Ganvir

Affiliations

Chinmayee Nayak: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland; Corresponding author.
Abhinav Anand: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
Nikhil Kamboj: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
Tuomas Kantonen: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
Karoliina Kajander: Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
Vilma Tupala: Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
Terhi J. Heino: Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
Rahul Cherukuri: Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
Gaurav Mohanty: Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
Jan Čapek: Applied Materials Group, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland
Efthymios Polatidis: Laboratory of Technology and Strength of Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, 26500 Rion, Greece
Sneha Goel: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland; Advanced materials for nuclear energy, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
Antti Salminen: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
Ashish Ganvir: Research group of Digital Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, FI-20500 Turku, Finland

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 242
p. 113013

Abstract

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Due to the risk of releasing carcinogenic nickel ions from conventional 316L stainless steel under a corrosive human body environment, a new variant of steel termed nickel-free stainless steel (NiFSS) has been investigated. The present study investigates the tribological properties and biocompatibility of NiFSS manufactured via laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M). The ferritic NiFSS exhibited significantly lower coefficient of friction (0.08 to 0.28) and wear rate (1.60 × 10-6 mm3/Nm to 6.60 × 10-6 mm3/Nm) compared to reported values for austenitic 316L SS, under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions and various sliding geometries. This improvement is attributed to the superior hardness (3.394 ± 0.1340 GPa) and elastic modulus (238 ± 9.0797 GPa) of NiFSS. To assess the biocompatibility, the viability of mouse pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was evaluated with an Alamar Blue assay when the cells were cultured on top of PBF-LB/M built NiFSS and 316L SS samples. The results indicated that even though cell growth was most optimal on regular cell culture plastic, cell viability was better maintained on PBF-LB/M built NiFSS compared to 316L SS. Therefore, the results of the present study propose that PBF-LB/M fabricated NiFSS holds promise for application in biomedical devices for joint arthroplasty.

Published in Materials & Design

ISSN: 0264-1275 (Print); 1873-4197 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/materials-and-design

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