Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. against Phytopathogenic Bacteria and Root-Knot Nematode

Raja  Asad Ali Khan; Saba Najeeb; Zhenchuan Mao; Jian Ling; Yuhong Yang; Yan Li; Bingyan Xie

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8030401

Microorganisms (Mar 2020)

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. against Phytopathogenic Bacteria and Root-Knot Nematode

Raja Asad Ali Khan,
Saba Najeeb,
Zhenchuan Mao,
Jian Ling,
Yuhong Yang,
Yan Li,
Bingyan Xie

Affiliations

Raja Asad Ali Khan: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Saba Najeeb: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Zhenchuan Mao: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Jian Ling: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Yuhong Yang: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Yan Li: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Bingyan Xie: Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8030401
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 8, no. 3
p. 401

Abstract

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Losses in crops caused by plant pathogenic bacteria and parasitic nematode are increasing because of a decrease in efficacy of traditional management measures. There is an urgent need to develop nonchemical and ecofriendly based management to control plant diseases. A potential approach of controlling plant disease in the crops is the use of biocontrol agents and their secondary metabolites (SMs). Luckily fungi and especially the genus Trichoderma comprise a great number of fungal strains that are the potential producer of bioactive secondary metabolites. In this study secondary metabolites from ten Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their antibacterial and nematicidal potential against phytopathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas compestris and plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Five different growth media were evaluated for the production of SMs. It was shown that SMs of different Trichoderma spp. obtained on different growth media were different in the degree of their bioactivity. Comparison of five growth media showed that SMs produced on solid wheat and STP media gave higher antibacterial activity. SMs of T. pseudoharzianum (T113) obtained on solid wheat media were more effective against the studied bacteria followed by SMs from T. asperelloides (T136), T. pseudoharzianum (T129) and T. pseudoharzianum (T160). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was further conducted to observe the effect of SMs on bacterial cell morphology. As evident from the SEM, SMs produced severe morphological changes, such as rupturing of the bacterial cell walls, disintegration of cell membrane and cell content leaking out. SMs from T. viridae obtained on liquid STP and solid wheat media showed the highest percent of M. incognita juveniles (J2s) mortality and inhibition in egg hatching of M. incognita. The results of our study suggest that T. pseudoharzianum (T113) and T. viridae could be selected as an effective candidate for SMs source against phytopathogenic bacteria and M. incognita respectively.

Published in Microorganisms

ISSN: 2076-2607 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Biology (General)
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/microorganisms

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