Nasopharyngeal Local Transcriptional Profile upon SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.2 Breakthrough Infection
Yi Zhang,
Yang Zhou,
Yumeng Zhang,
Jiazhen Chen,
Jing Wu,
Peng Cui,
Shiyong Wang,
Yuanyuan Xu,
Zhongliang Shen,
Tao Xu,
Yang Li,
Jingwen Ai,
Ning Jiang,
Chao Qiu,
Wenhong Zhang,
Haijuan Wang
Affiliations
Yi Zhang
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Yang Zhou
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Yumeng Zhang
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Jiazhen Chen
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Jing Wu
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Peng Cui
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Shiyong Wang
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Yuanyuan Xu
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Zhongliang Shen
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Tao Xu
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Yang Li
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Jingwen Ai
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Ning Jiang
2 School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Chao Qiu
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Wenhong Zhang
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Abstract. The Omicron variants have continued to cause severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. To better understand the anti-viral effects of vaccination on host-virus interactions during the outbreak of BA.2.2 Omicron, we conducted RNA-seq transcriptome analysis on nasopharyngeal swabs from COVID-19 patients in Shanghai. This study was performed on selected cases from unvaccinated, fully vaccinated, and booster groups with the same founder virus infection background. We observed predominant immune cell chemotaxis and interleukin-1 production, as well as mucosal keratinization and epidermis development, in unvaccinated patients. In contrast, fully vaccinated subjects exhibited an obvious T-cell activation in the local immune response, whereas B-cell activation was higher in booster-vaccinated cases. In conclusion, our findings suggest that full or booster vaccination provides better adaptive immunity and relieve inflammation at the nasopharyngeal site, thereby reducing the risk of cytokine storm during breakthrough infection.
