Dimethyltryptamine: hallucinogenic alkaloid on the Central Nervous System

Abstract

Hallucinogenic plants are widely used in rituals and religious cults. Ayahuasca tea and wine black Jurema, both hallucinogenic beverages, present the alkaloid dimethyltryptamine (DMT) responsible for the hallucinogenic effect due to interaction with serotonergic receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). This research aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action and the effects of DMT present on alumina drinks of the species Mimosa tenuiflora (jurema preta), Banisteriopsis caapi (jagube or cipó mariri) and Psychotria viridis (chacrona) on the CNS, elucidating the risks of their ingestion and information Brazilian legislation. The hallucinogenic effect occurs from the interaction of serotonergic receptors with DMT, this structurally similar to serotonin, which interferes with psychic functions, resulting in changes in dimensions, acoustic and optical illusions, mood alterations, distortion in the perception of time and Space, depersonalization, mydriasis, and hyperthermia. Currently there is free access to these substances and the diffusion of its use is expanding in Brazil due to its relationship with religious and cultural aspects. Thus, it is important to know the factors that encompass the use of these substances, since several alterations and complications can arise from the use, since the hallucinogenic effects come from interferences in physiological functions.