OncoTargets and Therapy (Feb 2020)

Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells (HSCs) Exert Immunosuppressive Effects in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Producing Complement C3

  • Xu Y,
  • Huang Y,
  • Xu W,
  • Zheng X,
  • Yi X,
  • Huang L,
  • Wang Y,
  • Wu K

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 13
pp. 1497 – 1505

Abstract

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Yaping Xu,1,2 Yihao Huang,1 Wanqiong Xu,1 Xiaohui Zheng,1 Xue Yi,1,2 Liyue Huang,1 Yuxiao Wang,1 Kangni Wu3 1Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Department of Physiology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, People’s Republic of China; 2Xiamen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen 361023, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yaping Xu; Kangni Wu Tel +86-159 5923 5683Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the important players in liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. They also act as critical mediators of immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we hypothesized that HSCs promote HCC progression via C3.Methods: C3 in HSCs was knocked down using a shRNA retroviral plasmid. The conditioned medium from HSCs or shC3 HSCs (knockdown of C3 by shRNA in HSCs) was collected to detect their effects on bone marrow (BM) and T cells (including expansion and apoptosis) in vitro, and in an HCC in situ model in mice.Results: We found that HSCs promoted T-cell apoptosis and decreased their proliferation, inhibited dendritic cell (DC) maturation, and induced myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion through the C3 pathway in vitro. In addition, the knockdown of C3 suppressed HSC-promoted HCC development in the orthotopic transplantation tumor model of HCC in mice.Conclusion: These findings provide more insights into the immunomodulatory roles of HSCs in HCC progression and indicate that modulation of the C3 pathway might be a novel therapeutic approach for liver cancer.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic stellate cells, complement C3, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, T cells

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