Ovarian cancer beyond imaging: integration of AI and multiomics biomarkers

Abstract

Abstract High-grade serous ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy. Detailed molecular studies have revealed marked intra-patient heterogeneity at the tumour microenvironment level, likely contributing to poor prognosis. Despite large quantities of clinical, molecular and imaging data on ovarian cancer being accumulated worldwide and the rise of high-throughput computing, data frequently remain siloed and are thus inaccessible for integrated analyses. Only a minority of studies on ovarian cancer have set out to harness artificial intelligence (AI) for the integration of multiomics data and for developing powerful algorithms that capture the characteristics of ovarian cancer at multiple scales and levels. Clinical data, serum markers, and imaging data were most frequently used, followed by genomics and transcriptomics. The current literature proves that integrative multiomics approaches outperform models based on single data types and indicates that imaging can be used for the longitudinal tracking of tumour heterogeneity in space and potentially over time. This review presents an overview of studies that integrated two or more data types to develop AI-based classifiers or prediction models. Relevance statement Integrative multiomics models for ovarian cancer outperform models using single data types for classification, prognostication, and predictive tasks. Key points • This review presents studies using multiomics and artificial intelligence in ovarian cancer. • Current literature proves that integrative multiomics outperform models using single data types. • Around 60% of studies used a combination of imaging with clinical data. • The combination of genomics and transcriptomics with imaging data was infrequently used. Graphical Abstract

Keywords

• Artificial intelligence
• Biomarkers
• Diagnostic imaging
• Ovarian neoplasms
• Multiomics