Research Progress and Prospects of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene Mutation in Chondrosarcoma

Abstract

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is the more mutation-prone human metabolic gene. In the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), mutant IDH can bind to α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) and reduce it to 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG), participating in various biological processes of tumorigenesis. IDH has been widely studied in glioma and acute myeloid leukemia, and rarely in chondrosarcoma. Chondrosarcoma is prone to recurrence and metastasis due to the presence of high-frequency mutations in the IDH gene, and treatment options are limited after recurrence or metastasis, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients and an urgent clinical need to find new treatment options. This article reviews the role of IDH mutations in the development, prognosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of chondrosarcoma, further elaborates the biological role of IDH gene mutation in the occurrence and development of chondrosarcoma, and provides an outlook on the development of powerful IDH inhibitors and anti-cancer drugs, in order to provide a reference for the establishment of therapeutic regimen and prognostic evaluation.

Keywords

• chondrosarcoma|isocitrate dehydrogenase|mutation|tumor treatment|review