Electronic Physician (Mar 2019)
Genistein elicits its anticancer effects through up-regulation of E-Cadherin in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) cells: an in vitro experimental study
Abstract
Background and aim: Genistein is an isoflavone that acts as a potent inhibitor of tyrosine kinase in several cancers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of genistein on leukemia cell lines through E-cadherin signaling pathway. Methods: This study was conducted in 2016 at the Molecular Medicine Research Center (Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran). In this in vitro experimental study, the Acute leukemia lymphoma (ALL) cell lines MOLT4 (as mild acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line) and JURKAT (as high aggressive acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line) were cultured and then treated with different concentrations of genistein (10, 25, 40 and 55 μM) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Its cytotoxicity and anti-cancer properties on ALL cell lines were evaluated by calculating the growth rate and MTT assay. Eventually, the effect of genistein on the expression level of E-cadherin was examined using a quantitative Real-Time PCR. In the present research, we used in vitro experimental study. Results: The percentage of vital malignant cells treated with genistein in comparison with non-treated cells was significantly decreased (p<0.03). E-cadherin expression was significantly (p<0.02) up-regulated between 2 to 4 times as compared with non-treated ones. Even though it seems that genistein induces its anti-cancer properties on all doses, it was found that there is a negative correlation between these anti-cancer properties and increasing the concentration and exposure time of genistein. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that genistein possesses a growth inhibitory effect on ALL similar to solid tumor cells. It can also be deduced that genistein could be considered as a natural agent to potentially control the invasion of malignant cells and expedition of disease, which is promising and fascinating. From increasing the expression of E-cadherin as a tumor suppressor gene, what it is pioneering in reporting is another mechanism of action of genistein.
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